One of my favorite English words: quintessential, from quintessence:
quin·tes·sence /kwɪnˈtɛsəns/Or from the online Etymology dictionary:
–noun
1. the pure and concentrated essence of a substance.
2. the most perfect embodiment of something.
3. (in ancient and medieval philosophy) the fifth essence or element, ether, supposed to be the constituent matter of the heavenly bodies, the others being air, fire, earth, and water.
[Origin: 1400–50; Middle English < Medieval Latin quīnta essentia fifth essence]
—Related forms
quin·tes·sen·tial /ˌkwɪntəˈsɛnʃəl/ adjective
c.1430, in ancient and medieval philosophy, "pure essence, substance of which the heavenly bodies are composed," literally "fifth essence," from Medieval French quinte essence (14c.), from Medieval Latin quinta essentia, from Latin quinta, feminine gender of quintus "fifth" + essentia (see essence). Loan-translation of Greek pempte ousia, the "ether" added by Aristotle to the four known elements (water, earth, fire, air) and said to permeate all things. Its extraction was one of the chief goals of alchemy. Sense of "purest essence" (of a situation, character, etc.) is first recorded 1570; quintessential (n.) is from 1899, in this sense.
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